sum Chr

λόγος, ὁ, verbal noun of λέγω (B), with senses corresponding to λέγω (B) II and III (on the various senses of the word v. Theo Sm.pp.72,73 H., An.Ox.4.327): common in all periods in Prose and Verse, exc. Epic, in which it is found in signf. derived from λέγω (B) 111, cf.infr. VI. 1 a:

I computation, reckoning (cf. λέγω (B) II).

1 account of money handled,

σανίδες εἰς ἃς τὸν λ. ἀναγράφομεν IG12.374.191

; ἐδίδοσαν τὸν λ. ib.232.2;

λ. δώσεις τῶν μετεχείρισας χρημάτων Hdt.3.142

, cf. 143;

οὔτε χρήματα διαχειρίσας τῆς πόλεως δίδωμι λ. αὐτῶν οὔτε ἀρχὴν ἄρξας οὐδεμίαν εὐθύνας ὑπέχω νῦν αὐτῆς Lys.24.26

;

λ. ἀπενεγκεῖν Arist.Ath.54.1

;

ἐν ταῖς εὐθύναις τοῦ τοιούτου λ. ὑπεχέτω Pl.Lg. 774b

;

τὸν τῶν χρημάτων λ. παρὰ τούτων λαμβάνειν D.8.47

;

ἀδικήματα εἰς ἀργυρίου λ. ἀνήκοντα Din.1.60

; συνᾶραι λόγον μετά τινος settle accounts with, Ev.Matt.18.23, etc.; δεύτεροι λ. a second audit, Cod.Just.1.4.26.1; ὁ τραπεζιτικὸς λ. banking account, Theo Sm.p.73 H.: metaph.,

οὐκ ἂν πριαίμην οὐδενὸς λ. βροτόν S.Aj. 477

.

b public accounts, i. e. branch of treasury, ἴδιος λ., in Egypt, OGI188.2, 189.3, 669.38; also as title of treasurer, ib.408.4, Str.17.1.12;

ὁ ἐπὶ τῶν λ. IPE2.29

A ([place name] Panticapaeum); δημόσιος λ., = Lat. fiscus, OGI669.21 (Egypt, i A.D.), etc. (but later, = aerarium, Cod.Just.1.5.15); also

Καίσαρος λ. OGI669.30

; κυριακὸς λ. ib.18.

2 generally, account, reckoning, μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾷ λ. excels the whole account, i.e. is best of all, S.OC 1225 (lyr.); δόντας λ. τῶν ἐποίησαν accounting for, i.e. paying the penalty for their doings, Hdt.8.100;

λ. αἰτεῖν Pl.Plt. 285e

;

λ. δοῦναι καὶ δέξασθαι Id.Prt. 336c

, al.;

λαμβάνειν λ. καὶ ἐλέγχειν Id.Men. 75d

;

παρασχεῖν τῶν εἰρημένων λ. Id.R. 344d

;

λ. ἀπαιτεῖν D.30.15

, cf. Arist. EN 1104a3; λ. ὑπέχειν, δοῦναι, D.19.95;

λ. ἐγγράψαι Id.24.199

, al.;

λ. ἀποφέρειν τῇ πόλει Aeschin.3.22

, cf. Eu. Luc.16.2, Ep.Hebr.13.17;

τὸ παράδοξον τῶν συμβεβηκότων ὑπὸ λόγον ἄγειν Plb.15.34.2

; λ. ἡ ἐπιστήμη, πολλὰ δὲ ὁ λ. the account is manifold, Plot.6.9.4; ἔχων λόγον τοῦ διὰ τί an account of the cause, Arist.APo. 74b27; ἐς λ. τινός on account of,

ἐς χρημάτων λ. Th.3.46

, cf. Plb.5.89.6, LXX 2 Ma1.14, JRS 18.152 ([place name] Jerash); λόγῳ c. gen., by way of, Cod.Just.3.2.5. al.; κατὰ λόγον τοῦ μεγέθους if we take into account his size, Arist.HA 517b27;

πρὸς ὃν ἡμῖν ὁ λ. Ep.Hebr.4.13

, cf. D.Chr.31.123.

3 measure, tale (cf. infr. 11.1),

θάλασσα.. μετρέεται ἐς τὸν αὐτὸν λ. ὁκοῖος πρόσθεν Heraclit.31

;

ψυχῆς ἐστι λ. ἑαυτὸν αὔξων Id.115

; ἐς τούτου (sc. γήραος) λ. οὐ πολλοί τινες ἀπικνέονται to the point of old age, Hdt.3.99, cf.7.9.β; ὁ ξύμπας λ. the full tale, Th.7.56, cf. Ep.Phil.4.15; κοινῷ λ. νομίσαντα common measure, Pl.Lg. 746e; sum, total of expenditure, IG42(1).103.151 (Epid., iv B.C.); ὁ τῆς οὐσίας λ., = Lat. patrimonii modus, Cod.Just.1.5.12.20.

4 esteem, consideration, value put on a person or thing (cf. infr. VI. 2 d), οὗ πλείων λ. ἢ τῶν ἄλλων who is of more worth than all the rest, Heraclit.39; βροτῶν λ. οὐκ ἔσχεν οὐδέν' A.Pr. 233;

οὐ σμικροῦ λ. S.OC 1163

: freq. in Hdt.,

Μαρδονίου λ. οὐδεὶς γίνεται 8.102

;

τῶν ἦν ἐλάχιστος ἀπολλυμένων λ. 4.135

, cf. E.Fr.94;

περὶ ἐμοῦ οὐδεὶς λ. Ar.Ra.87

; λόγου οὐδενὸς γίνεσθαι πρός τινος to be of no account, repute with.., Hdt.1.120, cf.4.138; λόγου ποιήσασθαί τινα make one of account, Id.1.33; ἐλαχίστου, πλείστου λ. εἶναι, to be highly, lowly esteemed, Id.1.143, 3.146; but also λόγον τινὸς ποιεῖσθαι, like Lat. rationem habere alicujus, make account of, set a value on, Democr.187, etc.: usu. in neg. statements,

οὐδένα λ. ποιήσασθαί τινος Hdt.1.4

, cf. 13, Plb.21.14.9, etc.;

λ. ἔχειν Hdt.1.62

, 115;

λ. ἴσχειν περί τινος Pl.Ti. 87c

;

λ. ἔχειν περὶ τοὺς ποιητάς Lycurg.107

;

λ. ἔχειν τινός D.18.199

, Arist.EN 1102b32, Plu.Phil.18 (but also, have the reputation of.., v. infr. VI. 2 e);

ἐν οὐδενὶ λ. ποιήσασθαί τι Hdt.3.50

; ἐν οὐδενὶ λ. ἀπώλοντο without regard, Id.9.70;

ἐν σμικρῷ λ. εἶναι Pl.R. 550a

; ὑμεῖς οὔτ' ἐν λ. οὔτ' ἐν ἀριθμῷ Orac. ap. Sch.Theoc.14.48; ἐν ἀνδρῶν λ. [εἶναι] to be reckoned, count as a man, Hdt.3.120; ἐν ἰδιώτεω λόγῳ καὶ ἀτίμου reckoned as.., Eus.Mynd.Fr. 59;

σεμνὸς εἰς ἀρετῆς λ. καὶ δόξης D.19.142

.

II relation, correspondence, proportion,

1 generally, ὑπερτερίης λ. relation (of gold to lead), Thgn.418 = 1164;

πρὸς λόγον τοῦ σήματος A.Th. 519

; κατὰ λόγον προβαίνοντες τιμῶσι in inverse ratio, Hdt.1.134, cf. 7.36;

κατὰ λ. τῆς ἀποφορῆς Id.2.109

; τἄλλα κατὰ λ. in like fashion, Hp.VM16, Prog.17: c. gen., κατὰ λ. τῶν πρόσθεν ib. 24;

κατὰ λ. τῶν ἡμερῶν Ar. Nu. 619

;

κατὰ λ. τῆς δυνάμεως X. Cyr.8.6.11

;

ἐλάττω ἢ κατὰ λ. Arist. HA 508a2

, cf. PA 671a18;

ἐκ ταύτης ἐγένετο ἐκείνη κατὰ λ. Id.Pol. 1257a31

; cf. εὔλογος: sts. with ὁ αὐτός added, κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν λ. τῷ τείχεϊ in fashion like to.., Hdt.1.186; περὶ τῶν νόσων ὁ αὐτὸς λ. analogously, Pl.Tht. 158d, cf. Prm. 136b, al.; εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν λ. similarly, Id.R. 353d; κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν λ. in the same ratio, IG12.76.8; by parity of reasoning, Pl.Cra. 393c, R. 610a, al.; ἀνὰ λόγον τινός, τινί, Id.Ti. 29c, Alc.2.145d; τοῦτον ἔχει τὸν λ. πρὸς.. ὃν ἡ παιδεία πρὸς τὴν ἀρετήν is related to.. as.., Procl.in Euc.p.20 F., al.

2 Math., ratio, proportion (ὁ κατ' ἀνάλογον λ., λ. τῆς ἀναλογίας, Theo Sm.p.73 H.), Pythag. 2;

ἰσότης λόγων Arist.EN 113a31

;

λ. ἐστὶ δύο μεγεθῶν ἡ κατὰ πηλικότητα ποιὰ σχέσις Euc.5

Def.3;

τῶν ἁρμονιῶν τοὺς λ. Arist.Metaph. 985b32

, cf. 1092b14; λόγοι ἀριθμῶν numerical ratios, Aristox.Harm.p.32 M.; τοὺς φθόγγους ἀναγκαῖον ἐν ἀριθμοῦ λ. λέγεσθαι πρὸς ἀλλήλους to be expressed in numerical ratios, Euc.Sect.Can. Proëm.: in Metre, ratio between arsis and thesis, by which the rhythm is defined, Aristox.Harm.p.34 M.;

ἐὰν ᾖ ἰσχυροτέρα τοῦ αἰσθητηρίου ἡ κίνησις, λύεται ὁ λ. Arist.de An. 424a31

; ἀνὰ λόγον analogically, Archyt.2; ἀνὰ λ. μερισθεῖσα [ἡ ψυχή] proportionally, Pl. Ti. 37a; so

κατὰ λ. Men.319.6

; πρὸς λόγον in proportion, Plb.6.30.3, 9.15.3 (but πρὸς λόγον ἐπὶ στενὸν συνάγεται narrows uniformly, Sor. 1.9, cf. Diocl.Fr.171);

ἐπὶ λόγον IG5(1).1428

([place name] Messene).

3 Gramm., analogy, rule, τῷ λ. τῶν μετοχικῶν, τῆς συγκοπῆς, by the rule of the participles, of syncope, Choerob. in Theod.1.75 Gaisf., 1.377 H.;

εἰπέ μοι τὸν λ. τοῦ Αἴας Αἴαντος, τουτέστι τὸν κανόνα An.Ox. 4.328

.

III explanation,

1 plea, pretext, ground, ἐκ τίνος λ.; A.Ch. 515;

ἐξ οὐδενὸς λ. S.Ph. 731

;

ἀπὸ παντὸς λ. Id.OC 762

;

χὠ λ. καλὸς προσῆν Id.Ph. 352

;

σὺν ἀφανεῖ λ. Id.OT 657

(lyr., v.l. λόγων)

; ἐν ἀφανεῖ λ. Antipho 5.59

;

ἐπὶ τοιούτῳ λ. Hdt.6.124

; κατὰ τίνα λ.; on what ground? Pl.R. 366b; οὐδὲ πρὸς ἕνα λ. to no purpose, Id.Prt. 343d; ἐπὶ τίνι λ.; for what reason? X.HG2.2.19; τὸν λ. τοῦτον this ground of complaint, Aeschin.3.228; τίνι δικαίῳ λ.; what just cause is there? Pl.Grg. 512c; τίνι λ.; on what account? Act.Ap.10.29; κατὰ λόγον ἂν ἠνεσχόμην ὑμῶν reason would that.., ib.18.14; λ. ἔχειν, with personal subject, εἶχον ἄν τινα λ. I (i.e. my conduct) would have admitted of an explanation, Pl.Ap. 31b; τὸν ὀρθὸν λ. the true explanation, ib. 34b.

b plea, case, in Law or argument (cf. VIII. I), τὸν ἥττω λ. κρείττω ποιεῖν to make the weaker case prevail, ib. 18b, al., Arist.Rh. 1402a24, cf. Ar.Nu. 1042 (pl.); personified, ib. 886, al.;

ἀμύνεις τῷ τῆς ἡδονῆς λ. Pl.Phlb. 38a

;

ἀνοίσεις τοὺς λ. αὐτῶν πρὸς τὸν θεόν LXXEx.18.19

; ἐχειν λ. πρός τινα to have a case, ground of action against.., Act.Ap.19.38.

2 statement of a theory, argument, οὐκ ἐμεῦ ἀλλὰ τοῦ λ. ἀκούσαντας prob. in Heraclit.50; λόγον ἠδὲ νόημα ἀμφὶς ἀληθείης discourse and reflection on reality, Parm.8.50; δηλοῖ οὗτος ὁ λ. ὅτι .. Democr.7; οὐκ ἔχει λόγον it is not arguable, i.e. reasonable, S.El. 466, Pl.Phd. 62d, etc.;

ἔχει λ. D.44.32

;

οὐδεὶς αὐτὰ καταβαλεῖ λ. E.Ba. 202

;

δίκασον.. τὸν λ. ἀκούσας Pl.Lg. 696b

; personified, φησὶ οὗτος ὁ λ. ib. 714d, cf. Sph. 238b, Phlb. 50a; ὡς ὁ λ. (sc. λέγει) Arist.EN 1115b12; ὡς ὁ λ. ὁ ὀρθὸς λέγει ib. 1138b20, cf. 29;

ὁ λ. θέλει προσβιβάζειν Phld.Rh.1.41

, cf.1.19 S.;

οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἀκούσειε λόγου ἀποτρέποντος Arist.EN 1179b27

;

λ. καθαίρων Aristo Stoic.1.88

; λόγου τυγχάνειν to be explained, Phld.Mus.p.77 K.; ὁ τὸν λ. μου ἀκούων my teaching, Ev.Jo.5.24; ὁ προφητικὸς λ., collect., of VT prophecy, 2 Ep.Pet.1.19: pl.,

ὁκόσων λόγους ἤκουσα Heraclit.108

;

οὐκ ἐπίθετο τοῖς ἐμοῖς λ. Ar.Nu.73

; of arguments leading to a conclusion ([etym.] ὁ λ.), Pl. Cri. 46b;

τὰ Ἀναξαγόρου βιβλία γέμει τούτων τῶν λ. Id.Ap. 26d

; λ. ἀπὸ τῶν ἀρχῶν, ἐπὶ τὰς ἀρχάς, Arist.EN 1095a31; συλλογισμός ἐστι λ. ἐν ᾧ τεθέντων τινῶν κτλ. Id.APr. 24b18; λ. ἀντίτυπός τε καὶ ἄπορος, of a self-contradictory theory, Plot.6.8.7.

b ὁ περὶ θεῶν λ., title of a discourse by Protagoras, D.L.9.54; ὁ Ἀχιλλεὺς λ., name of an argument, ib.23;

ὁ αὐξόμενος λ. Plu.2.559b

; καταβάλλοντες (sc. λόγοι), title of work by Protagoras, S.E.M.7.60;

λ. σοφιστικοί Arist.SE 165a34

, al.;

οἱ μαθηματικοὶ λ. Id.Rh. 1417a19

, etc.; οἱ ἐξωτερικοὶ λ., current outside the Lyceum, Id.Ph. 217b31, al.; Δισσοὶ λ., title of a philosophical treatise (= Dialex.); Λ. καὶ Λογίνα, name of play of Epicharmus, quibble, argument, personified, Ath.8.338d.

c in Logic, proposition, whether as premiss or conclusion,

πρότασίς ἐστι λ. καταφατικὸς ἢ ἀποφατικός τινος κατά τινος Arist.APr. 24a16

.

d rule, principle, law, as embodying the result of λογισμός, Pi.O.2.22, P.1.35, N.4.31;

πείθεσθαι τῷ λ. ὃς ἄν μοι λογιζομένῳ βέλτιστος φαίνηται Pl.Cri. 46b

, cf. c; ἡδονὰς τοῖς ὀρθοῖς λ. ἑπομένας obeying right principles, Id.Lg. 696c; προαιρέσεως [ἀρχὴ] ὄρεξις καὶ λ. ὁ ἕνεκά τινος principle directed to an end, Arist.EN 1139a32; of the final cause,

ἀρχὴ ὁ λ. ἔν τε τοῖς κατὰ τέχνην καὶ ἐν τοῖς φύσει συνεστηκόσιν Id.PA 639b15

; ἀποδιδόασι τοὺς λ. καὶ τὰς αἰτίας οὗ ποιοῦσι ἑκάστου ib.18; [

τέχνη] ἕξις μετὰ λ. ἀληθοῦς ποιητική Id.EN 1140a10

; ὀρθὸς λ. true principle, right rule, ib. 1144b27, 1147b3, al.; κατὰ λόγον by rule, consistently,

ὁ κατὰ λ. ζῶν Pl.Lg. 689d

, cf. Ti. 89d; τὸ κατὰ λ. ζῆν, opp. κατὰ πάθος, Arist.EN 1169a5; κατὰ λ. προχωρεῖν according to plan, Plb.1.20.3.

3 law, rule of conduct,

ᾧ μάλιστα διηνεκῶς ὁμιλοῦσι λόγῳ Heraclit.72

;

πολλοὶ λόγον μὴ μαθόντες ζῶσι κατὰ λόγον Democr.53

; δεῖ ὑπάρχειν τὸν λ. τὸν καθόλου τοῖς ἄρχουσιν universal principle, Arist.Pol. 1286a17;

ὁ νόμος.. λ. ὢν ἀπό τινος φρονήσεως καὶ νοῦ Id.EN 1180a21

; ὁ νόμος.. ἔμψυχος ὢν ἑαυτῷ λ. conscience, Plu. 2.780c; τὸν λ. πρόχειρον ἔχειν precept, Phld.Piet.30, cf. 102;

ὁ προστακτικὸς τῶν ποιητέων ἢ μὴ λ. κοινός M.Ant.4.4

.

4 thesis, hypothesis, provisional ground, ὡς ἂν εἰ λέγοι λόγον maintain a thesis, Pl. Prt. 344b; ὑποθέμενος ἑκάστοτε λ. provisionally assuming a proposition, Id.Phd. 100a; τὸν τῆς ὁμοιότητος λ. hypothesis of equivalence, Arist.Cael. 296a20.

5 reason, ground,

πάντων γινομένων κατὰ τὸν λ. τόνδε Heraclit.1

;

οὕτω βαθὺν λ. ἔχει Id.45

; ἐκ λόγου, opp. μάτην, Leucipp. 2;

μέγιστον σημεῖον οὗτος ὁ λ. Meliss.8

; [ἐμπειρία] οὐκ ἔχει λ. οὐδένα ὧν προσφέρει has no grounds for.., Pl.Grg. 465a; μετὰ λόγου

τε καὶ ἐπιστήμης θείας Id.Sph. 265c

; ἡ μετα λόγου ἀληθὴς δόξα ([etym.] ἐπιστήμη) Id.Tht. 201c; λόγον ζητοῦσιν ὧν οὐκ ἔστι λ. proof, Arist. Metaph. 1011a12;

οἱ ἁπάντων ζητοῦντες λ. ἀναιροῦσι λ. Thphr.Metaph. 26

.

6 formula (wider than definition, but freq. equivalent thereto), term expressing reason,

λ. τῆς πολιτείας Pl.R. 497c

; ψυχῆς οὐσία τε καὶ λ. essential definition, Id.Phdr. 245e;

ὁ τοῦ δικαίου λ. Id.R. 343a

; τὸν λ. τῆς οὐσίας ib. 534b, cf. Phd. 78d;

τὰς πολλὰς ἐπιστήμας ἑνὶ λ. προσειπεῖν Id.Tht. 148d

;

ὁ τῆς οἰκοδομήσεως λ. ἔχει τὸν τῆς οἰκίας Arist. PA 646b3

;

τεθείη ἂν ἴδιον ὄνομα καθ' ἕκαστον τῶν λ. Id.Metaph. 1006b5

, cf. 1035b4;

πᾶς ὁρισμὸς λ. τίς ἐστι Id.Top. 102a5

; ἐπὶ τῶν σχημάτων λ. κοινός generic definition, Id.de An. 414b23; ἀκριβέστατος λ. specific definition, Id.Pol. 1276b24;

πηγῆς λ. ἔχον Ph.2.477

; τὸ ᾠὸν οὔτε ἀρχῆς ἔχει λ. fulfils the function of.., Plu.2.637d; λ. τῆς μίξεως formula, i. e. ratio (cf. supr. II) of combination, Arist.PA 642a22, cf. Metaph. 993a17.

7 reason, law exhibited in the world-process, κατὰ λόγον by law,

κόσμῳ πάντα καὶ κατὰ λ. ἔχοντα Pl.R. 500c

; κατ τὸν < αὐτὸν αὖ> λ. by the same law, Epich.170.18;

ψυχῆς τὸ πᾶν τόδε διοικούσης κατὰ λ. Plot.2.3.13

; esp. in Stoic Philos., the divine order,

τὸν τοῦ παντὸς λ. ὃν ἔνιοι εἱμαρμένην καλοῦσιν Zeno Stoic.1.24

; τὸ ποιοῦν τὸν ἐν [τῇ ὕλῃ] λ. τὸν θεόν ibid., cf. 42;

ὁ τοῦ κόσμου λ. Chrysipp.Stoic.2.264

; λόγος, = φύσει νόμος, Stoic.2.169;

κατὰ τὸν κοινὸν θεοῖς καὶ ἀνθρώποις λ. M.Ant.7.53

;

ὁ ὀρθὸς λ. διὰ πάντων ἐρχόμενος Chrysipp.Stoic.3.4

: so in Plot.,

τὴν φύσιν εἶναι λόγον, ὃς ποιεῖ λ. ἄλλον γέννημα αὑτοῦ 3.8.2

.

b σπερματικὸς λ. generative principle in organisms,

ὁ θεὸς σπ. λ. τοῦ κόσμου Zeno Stoic.1.28

: usu. in pl., Stoic. 2.205,314,al.;

γίνεται τὰ ἐν τῷ παντὶ οὐ κατὰ σπερματικούς, ἀλλὰ κατὰ λ. περιληπτικούς Plot.3.1.7

, cf.4.4.39: so without

σπερματικός, ὥσπερ τινὲς λ. τῶν μερῶν Cleanth.Stoic.1.111

;

οἱ λ. τῶν ὅλων Ph.1.9

.

c in Neo-Platonic Philos., of regulative and formative forces, derived from the intelligible and operative in the sensible universe,

ὄντων μειζόνων λ. καὶ θεωρούντων αὑτοὺς ἐγὼ γεγέννημαι Plot.3.8.4

;

οἱ ἐν σπέρματι λ. πλάττουσι.. τὰ ζῷα οἷον μικρούς τινας κόσμους Id.4.3.10

, cf.3.2.16,3.5.7; opp. ὅρος, Id.6.7.4;

ἀφανεῖς λ. τῆς φύσεως Procl.

in R.1.18 K.; τεχνικοὶ λ. ib.142 K., al.

IV inward debate of the soul (cf.

λ. ὃν αὐτὴ πρὸς αὑτὴν ἡ ψυχὴ διεξέρχεται Pl.Tht. 189e

( διάλογος in Sph. 263e); ὁ ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ, ὁ ἔσω λ. (opp. ὁ ἔξω λ.), Arist.APo. 76b25, 27; ὁ ἐνδιάθετος, opp. ὁ προφορικὸς λ., Stoic.2.43, Ph.2.154),

1 thinking, reasoning, τοῦ λ. ἐόντος ξυνοῦ, opp. ἰδία φρόνησις, Heraclit. 2; κρῖναι δὲ λόγῳ.. ἔλεγχον test by reflection, Parm.1.36; reflection, deliberation (cf. VI.3),

ἐδίδου λόγον ἑωυτῷ περὶ τῆς ὄψιος Hdt.1.209

, cf. 34, S.OT 583, D.45.7; μὴ εἰδέναι.. μήτε λόγῳ μήτε ἔργῳ neither by reasoning nor by experience, Anaxag.7;

ἃ δὴ λόγῳ μὲν καὶ διανοίᾳ ληπτά, ὄψει δ' οὔ Pl.R. 529d

, cf. Prm. 135e;

ὁ λ. ἢ ἡ αἴσθησις Arist.EN 1149a35

,al.; αὐτῷ μόνον τῷ λ. πιστεύειν (opp. αἰσθήσεις), of Parmenides and his school, Aristocl. ap. Eus.PE14.17: hence λόγῳ or τῷ λ. in idea, in thought,

τῷ λ. τέμνειν Pl.R. 525e

; τῷ λ. δύο ἐστίν, ἀχώριστα πεφυκότα two in idea, though indistinguishable in fact, Arist. EN 1102a30, cf. GC 320b14, al.; λόγῳ θεωρητά mentally conceived, opp. sensibly perceived, Placit.1.3.5, cf. Demetr.Lac.Herc.1055.20;

τοὺς λ. θεωρητοὺς χρόνους Epicur.Ep.1p.19U.

; διὰ λόγου θ. χ. ib.p.10 U.;

λόγῳ καταληπτός Phld.Po.5.20

, etc.; ὁ λ. οὕτω αἱρέει analogy proves, Hdt.2.33; ὁ λ. or λ. αἱρέει reasoning convinces, Id.3.45,6.124, cf. Pl.Cri. 48c (but, our argument shows, Lg. 663d): also c. acc. pers., χρᾶται ὅ τι μιν λ. αἱρέει as the whim took him, Hdt.1.132; ἢν μὴ ἡμέας λ. αἱρῇ unless we see fit, Id.4.127, cf. Pl.R. 607b; later ὁ αἱρῶν λ. ordaining reason, Zeno Stoic.1.50, M.Ant.2.5, cf. 4.24, Arr.Epict. 2.2.20, etc.: coupled or contrasted with other functions, καθ' ὕπνον ἐπειδὴ λόγου καὶ φρονήσεως οὐ μετεῖχε since reason and understanding are in abeyance, Pl.Ti. 71d; μετὰ λόγου τε καὶ ἐπιστήμης, opp. αἰτία αὐτομάτη, of Nature's processes of production, Id.Sph. 265c; τὸ μὲν δὴ νοήσει μετὰ λόγου περιληπτόν embraced by thought with reflection, opp. μετ' αἰσθήσεως ἀλόγου, Id.Ti. 28a; τὸ μὲν ἀεὶ μετ' ἀληθοῦς λ., opp. τὸ δὲ ἄλογον, ib. 51e, cf. 70d, al.;

λ. ἔχων ἑπόμενον τῷ νοεῖν Id.Phlb. 62a

; ἐπιστήμη ἐνοῦσα καὶ ὀρθὸς λ. scientific knowledge and right process of thought, Id.Phd. 73a;

πᾶς λ. καὶ πᾶσα ἐπιστήμη τῶν καθόλου Arist.Metaph. 1059b26

;

τὸ λόγον ἔχον Id.EN 1102b15

, 1138b9, al.: in sg. and pl., contrasted by Pl. and Arist. as theory, abstract reasoning with outward experience, sts. with depreciatory emphasis on the former,

εἰς τοὺς λ. καταφυγόντα Pl.Phd. 99e

; τὸν ἐν λόγοις σκοπούμενον τὰ ὄντα, opp. τὸν ἐν ἔργοις (realities), ib. 100a;

τῇ αἰσθήσει μᾶλλον τῶν λ. πιστευτέον Arist.GA 760b31

; γνωριμώτερα κατὰ τὸν λ., opp. κατὰ τὴν αἴσθησιν, Id.Ph. 189a4; ἐκ τῶν λ. δῆλον, opp. ἐκ τῆς ἐπαγωγῆς, Id.Mete. 378b20; ἡ τῶν λ. πίστις, opp. ἐκ τῶν ἔργων φανερόν, Id.Pol. 1326a29;

ἡ πίστις οὐ μόνον ἐπὶ τῆς αἰσθήσεως ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ λ. Id.Ph. 262a19

;

μαρτυρεῖ τὰ γιγνόμενα τοῖς λ. Id.Pol. 1334a6

; ὁ μὲν λ. τοῦ καθόλου, ἡ δὲ αἴσθησις τοῦ κατὰ μέρος explanation, opp. perception, Id.Ph. 189a7; ἔσονται τοῖς λ. αἱ πράξεις ἀκόλουθοι theory, opp. practice, Epicur.Sent.25; in Logic, of discursive reasoning, opp. intuition, Arist.EN 1142a26, 1143b1; reasoning in general, ib. 1149a26; πᾶς λ. καὶ πᾶσα ἀπόδειξις all reasoning and demonstration, Id.Metaph. 1063b10;

λ. καὶ φρόνησιν Phld.Mus.p.105

K.; ὁ λ. ἢ λογισμός ibid.; τὸ ἰδεῖν οὐκέτι λ., ἀλλὰ μεῖζον λόγου καὶ πρὸ λόγου, of mystical vision, opp. reasoning, Plot.6.9.10.—Phrases, κατὰ λ. τὸν εἰκότα by probable reasoning, Pl.Ti. 30b;

οὔκουν τόν γ' εἰκότα λ. ἂν ἔχοι Id.Lg. 647d

; παρὰ λόγον, opp. κατὰ λ., Arist.Rh.Al. 1429a29, cf. EN 1167b19; cf. παράλογος (but παρὰ λ. unexpectedly, E.Ba. 940).

2 reason as a faculty, ὁ λ. ἀνθρώπους κυβερνᾷ [Epich.] 256; [

θυμοειδὲς] τοῦ λ. κατήκοον Pl.Ti. 70a

; [

θυμὸς] ὑπὸ τοῦ λ. ἀνακληθείς Id.R. 440d

; σύμμαχον τῷ λ. τὸν θυμόν ib. b;

πειθαρχεῖ τῷ λ. τὸ τοῦ ἐγκρατοῦς Arist. EN 1102b26

; ἄλλο τι παρὰ τὸν λ. πεφυκός, ὃ μάχεται τῷ λ. ib.17;

ἐναντίωσις λόγου πρὸς ἐπιθυμίας Plot.4.7.13(8)

;

οὐ θυμός, οὐκ ἐπιθυμία, οὐδὲ λ. οὐδέ τις νόησις Id.6.9.11

: freq. in Stoic. Philos. of human Reason, opp. φαντασία, Zeno Stoic.1.39; opp. φύσις, Stoic.2.206; οὐ σοφία οὐδὲ λ. ἐστὶν ἐν [τοῖς ζῴοις] ibid.;

τοῖς ἀλόγοις ζῴοις ὡς λ. ἔχων λ. μὴ ἔχουσι χρῶ M.Ant.6.23

;

ὁ λ. κοινὸν πρὸς τοὺς θεούς Arr.Epict. 1.3.3

;

οἷον [εἰκὼν] λ. ὁ ἐν προφορᾷ λόγου τοῦ ἐν ψυχῇ, οὕτω καὶ αὐτὴ λ. νοῦ Plot.5.1.3

; τὸ τὸν λ. σχεῖν τὴν οἰκείαν ἀρετήν (sc. εὐδαιμονίαν) Procl.in Ti.3.334 D.; also of the reason which pervades the universe, θεῖος λ. [Epich.] 257;

τὸν θεῖον λ. καθ' Ἡράκλειτον δι' ἀναπνοῆς σπάσαντες νοεροὶ γινόμεθα S.E.M.7.129

(cf. infr. x).

b creative reason,

ἀδύνατον ἦν λόγον μὴ οὐκ ἐπὶ πάντα ἐλθεῖν Plot.3.2.14

;

ἀρχὴ οὖν λ. καὶ πάντα λ. καὶ τὰ γινόμενα κατ' αὐτόν Id.3.2.15

;

οἱ λ. πάντες ψυχαί Id.3.2.18

.

V continuous statement, narrative (whether fact or fiction), oration, etc. (cf. λέγω (B) 11.2),

1 fable, Hdt.1.141;

Αἰσώπου λόγοι Pl.Phd. 60d

, cf. Arist.Rh. 1393b8;

ὁ τοῦ κυνὸς λ. X.Mem. 2.7.13

.

2 legend,

ἱρὸς λ. Hdt.2.62

, cf. 47, Pi.P.3.80 (pl.);

συνθέντες λ. E.Ba. 297

;

λ. θεῖος Pl.Phd. 85d

; ἱεροὶ λ., of Orphic rhapsodies, Suid. S.V. Ὀρφεύς.

3 tale, story,

ἄλλον ἔπειμι λ. Xenoph. 7.1

, cf. Th.1.97, etc.;

συνθέτους λ. A.Pr. 686

; σπουδὴν λόγου urgent tidings, E.Ba. 663; ἄλλος λ. 'another story', Pl.Ap. 34e; ὁμολογούμενος ὁ λ. ἐστίν the story is consistent, Isoc.3.27: pl., histories,

ἐν τοῖσι Ἀσσυρίοισι λ. Hdt.1.184

, cf. 106, 2.99; so in sg., a historical work, Id.2.123, 6.19,7.152: also in sg., one section of such a work (like later βίβλος), Id.2.38,6.39, cf. VI.3d; so in pl.,

ἐν τοῖσι Λιβυκοῖσι λ. Id.2.161

, cf. 1.75,5.22,7.93, 213;

ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ τῶν λ. Id.5.36

; ὁ πρῶτος λ., of St. Luke's gospel, Act.Ap.1.1: in Pl., opp. μῦθος, as history to legend, Ti. 26e;

ποιεῖν μύθους ἀλλ' οὐ λόγους Phd. 61b

, cf. Grg. 523a (but μῦθον λέγειν, opp. λόγῳ ( argument)

διεξελθεῖν Prt. 320c

, cf. 324d);

περὶ λόγων καὶ μύθων Arist.Pol. 1336a30

;

ὁ λ... μῦθός ἐστι Ael.NA4.34

.

4 speech, delivered in court, assembly, etc.,

χρήσομαι τῇ τοῦ λ. τάξει ταύτῃ Aeschin.3.57

, cf. Arist.Rh. 1358a38;

δικανικοὶ λ. Id.EN 1181a4

;

τρία γένη τῶν λ. τῶν ῥητορικῶν, συμβουλευτικόν, δικανικόν, ἐπιδεικτικόν Id.Rh. 1358b7

;

τῷ γράψαντι τὸν λ. Thphr. Char.17.8

, cf.

λογογράφος 11

; ἐπιτάφιος λ. funeral oration, Pl.Mx. 236b; esp. of the body of a speech, opp. ἐπίλογος, Arist.Rh. 1420b3; opp. προοίμιον, ib. 1415a12; body of a law, opp. proem, Pl.Lg. 723b; spoken, opp. written word,

τὸν τοῦ εἰδότος λ. ζῶντα καὶ ἔμψυχον οὗ ὁ γεγραμμένος εἴδωλόν τι Id.Phdr. 276a

; ὁ ἐκ τοῦ βιβλίου ῥηθεὶς [λ.] speech read from a roll, ib. 243c; published speech, D.C.40.54; rarely of the speeches in Tragedy ([etym.] ῥήσεις), Arist.Po. 1450b6,9.

VI verbal expression or utterance (cf. λέγω (B) 111), rarely a single word, v. infr. b, never in Gramm. signf. of vocable ([etym.] ἔπος, λέξις, ὄνομα, ῥῆμα), usu. of a phrase, cf. IX. 3 (the only sense found in [dialect] Ep.).

a pl., without Art., talk,

τὸν ἔτερπε λόγοις Il.15.393

;

αἱμύλιοι λ. Od.1.56

, h.Merc. 317, Hes.Th. 890, Op.78, 789, Thgn.704, A.R.3.1141; ψευδεῖς Λ., personified, Hes.Th. 229;

ἀφροδίσιοι λ. Semon.7.91

;

ἀγανοῖσι λ. Pi.P. 4.101

; ὄψον δὲ λ. φθονεροῖσιν tales, Id.N.8.21; σμικροὶ λ. brief words, S.Aj. 1268 (s.v.l.), El. 415; δόκησις ἀγνὼς λόγων bred of talk, Id.OT 681 (lyr.): also in sg., λέγ' εἴ σοι τῷ λ. τις ἡδονή speak if thou delightest in talking, Id.El. 891.

b sg., expression, phrase,

πρὶν εἰπεῖν ἐσθλὸν ἢ κακὸν λ. Id.Ant. 1245

, cf. E.Hipp. 514;

μυρίας ὡς εἰπεῖν λόγῳ Hdt.2.37

; μακρὸς λ. rigmarole, Simon.189, Arist.Metaph. 1091a8; λ. ἠρέμα λεχθεὶς διέθηκε τὸ πόρρω a whispered message, Plot.4.9.3; ἑνὶ λόγῳ to sum up, in brief phrase, Pl.Phdr. 241e, Phd. 65d; concisely, Arist. EN 1103b21 (but also, = ἁπλῶς, περὶ πάντων ἑνὶ λ. Id.GC 325a1): pl., λ. θελκτήριοι magic words, E.Hipp. 478; rarely of single words,

λ. εὐσύνθετος οἷον τὸ χρονοτριβεῖν Arist.Rh. 1406a36

; οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῇ λ. answered her not a word, Ev.Matt.15.23.

c coupled or contrasted with words expressed or understood signifying act, fact, truth, etc., mostly in a depreciatory sense,

λ. ἔργου σκιή Democr. 145

;

ὥσπερ μικρὸν παῖδα λόγοις μ' ἀπατᾷς Thgn.254

; λόγῳ, opp. ἔργῳ, Democr.82, etc.;

νηπίοισι οὐ λ. ἀλλὰ ξυμφορὴ διδάσκαλος Id.76

;

ἔργῳ κοὐ λόγῳ τεκμαίρομαι A.Pr. 338

, cf. S.El.59, OC 782;

λόγῳ μὲν λέγουσι.. ἔργῳ δὲ οὐκ ἀποδεικνῦσι Hdt.4.8

;

οὐ λόγων, φασίν, ἡ ἀγορὴ δεῖται, χαλκῶν δέ Herod.7.49

;

οὔτε λ. οὔτε ἔργῳ Lys.9.14

; λόγοις, opp. ψήφῳ, Aeschin.2.33; opp. νόῳ, Hdt.2.100;

οὐ λόγῳ μαθών E.Heracl.5

;

ἐκ λόγων, κούφου πράγματος Pl.Lg. 935a

; λόγοισι εἰς τὸ πιθανὸν περιπεπεμμένα ib. 886e, cf. Luc.Anach.19;

ἵνα μὴ λ. οἴησθε εἶναι, ἀλλ' εἰδῆτε τὴν ἀλήθειαν Lycurg.23

, cf. D.30.34; opp. πρᾶγμα, Arist.Top. 146a4; opp. βία, Id.EN 1179b29, cf. 1180a5; opp. ὄντα, Pl.Phd. 100a; opp. γνῶσις, 2 Ep.Cor.11.6; λόγῳ in pretence, Hdt.1.205, Pl.R. 361b, 376d, Ti. 27a, al.; λόγου ἕνεκα merely as a matter of words,

ἄλλως ἕνεκα λ. ἐλέγετο Id.Cri. 46d

; λόγου χάριν, opp. ὡς ἀληθῶς, Arist.Pol. 1280b8; but also, let us say, for instance, Id.EN 1144a33, Plb.10.46.4, Phld. Sign.29, M.Ant.4.32; λόγου ἕνεκα let us suppose, Pl.Tht. 191c; ἕως λόγου, μέχρι λ., = Lat. verbo tenus, Plb.10.24.7, Epict.Ench.16: sts. without depreciatory force, the antithesis or parallelism being verbal (cf. 'word and deed'),

λόγῳ τε καὶ σθένει S.OC68

;

ἔν τε ἔργῳ καὶ λ. Pl.R. 382e

, cf. D.S.13.101, Ev.Luc.24.19, Act.Ap.7.22, Paus.2.16.2; ὅσα μὲν λόγῳ εἶπον, opp. τὰ ἔργα τῶν πραχθέντων, Th. 1.22.

2 common talk, report, tradition,

ὡς λ. ἐν θνητοῖσιν ἔην Batr. 8

;

λ. ἐκ πατέρων Alc.71

;

οὐκ ἔστ' ἔτυμος λ. οὗτος Stesich.32

;

διξὸς λέγεται λ. Hdt.3.32

;

λ. ὑπ' Αἰγυπτίων λεγόμενος Id.2.47

; νέον [λ.] tidings, S.Ant. 1289 (lyr.); τὰ μὲν αὐτοὶ ὡρῶμεν, τὰ δὲ λόγοισι ἐπυνθανόμεθα by hearsay, Hdt.2.148: also in pl., ἐν γράμμασιν λόγοι κείμενοι traditions, Pl.Lg. 886b.

b rumour,

ἐπὶ παντὶ λ. ἐπτοῆσθαι Heraclit. 87

; αὐδάεις λ. voice of rumour, B.14.44; περὶ θεῶν διῆλθεν ὁ λ. ὅτι .. Th.6.46; λ. παρεῖχεν ὡς .. Plb.3.89.3; ἐξῆλθεν ὁ λ. οὗτος εῖς τινας ὅτι .. Ev.Jo.21.23, cf. Act.Ap.11.22; fiction, Ev.Matt.28.15.

c mention, notice, description, οὐκ ὕει λόγου ἄξιον οὐδέν worth mentioning, Hdt.4.28, cf. Plb.1.24.8, etc.; ἔργα λόγου μέζω beyond expression, Hdt.2.35; κρεῖσσον λόγου τὸ εἶδος τῆς νόσου beyond description, Th. 2.50;

μείζω ἔργα ἢ ὡς τῷ λ. τις ἂν εἴποι D.6.11

.

d the talk one occasions, repute, mostly in good sense, good report, praise, honour (cf. supr. 1.4),

πολλὰ φέρειν εἴωθε λ... πταίσματα Thgn.1221

;

λ. ἐσλὸν ἀκοῦσαι Pi.I.5(4).13

;

πλέονα.. λ. Ὀδυσσέος ἢ πάθαν Id.N.7.21

;

ἵνα λ. σε ἔχῃ πρὸς ἀνθρώπων ἀγαθός Hdt.7.5

, cf. 9.78; Τροίαν.. ἧς ἁπανταχοῦ λ. whose fame, story fills the world, E.IT 517;

οὐκ ἂν ἦν λ. σέθεν Id.Med. 541

: less freq. in bad sense, evil report, λ. κακόθρους, κακός, S. Aj. 138 (anap.), E.Heracl. 165: pl., λόγους ψιθύρους πλάσσων slanders, S.Aj. 148 (anap.).

e λ. ἐστί, ἔχει, κατέχει, the story goes, c. acc. et inf.,

ἔστ τις λ. τὰν Ἀρετὰν ναίειν Simon.58.1

, cf. S.El. 417; λ. μὲν ἔστ' ἀρχαῖος ὡς .. Id.Tr.1; λ. alone, E.Heracl.35;

ὡς λ. A.Supp. 230

, Pl. Phlb. 65c, etc.;

λ. ἐστί Hdt.7.129

,9.26, al.;

λ. αἰὲν ἔχει S.OC 1573

(lyr.); ὅσον ὁ λ. κατέχει tradition prevails, Th.1.10: also with a personal subject in the reverse construction. Κλεισθένης λ. ἔχει τὴν Πυθίην ἀναπεῖσαι has the credit of.., Hdt.5.66, cf. Pl.Epin. 987b, 988b;

λ. ἔχοντα σοφίας Ep.Col.2.23

, v.supr.1.4.

3 discussion, debate, deliberation,

πολλὸς ἦν ἐν τοῖσι λ. Hdt.8.59

;

συνελέχθησαν οἱ Μῆδοι ἐς τὠυτὸ καὶ ἐδίδοσαν σφίσι λόγον, λέγοντες περὶ τῶν κατηκόντων Id.1.97

;

οἱ Πελασγοὶ ἑωυτοῖσι λόγους ἐδίδοσαν Id.6.138

;

πολέμῳ μᾶλλον ἢ λόγοις τὰ ἐγκλήματα διαλύεσθαι Th.1.140

;

οἱ περὶ τῆς εἰρήνης λ. Aeschin.2.74

; τοῖς ἔξωθεν λ. πεπλήρωκε τὸν λ. [Plato] has filled his dialogue with extraneous discussions, Arist.Pol. 1264b39;

τὸ μῆκος τῶν λ. D.Chr.7.131

; μεταβαίνων ὁ λ. εἰς ταὐτὸν ἀφῖκται our debate, Arist.EN 1097a24; ὁ παρὼν λ. ib. 1104a11; θεῶν ὧν νῦν ὁ λ. ἐστί discussion, Pl.Ap. 26b, cf. Tht. 184a, M.Ant.8.32; τῷ λ. διελθεῖν, διϊέναι, Pl.Prt. 329c, Grg. 506a, etc.; τὸν λ. διεξελθεῖν conduct the debate, Id.Lg. 893a; ξυνελθεῖν ἐς λόγον confer, Ar.Eq. 1300: freq. in pl., ἐς λόγους συνελθόντες parley, Hdt. 1.82; ἐς λ. ἐλθεῖν τινι have speech with, ib.86;

ἐς λ. ἀπικέσθαι τινί Id.2.32

;

διὰ λόγων ἰέναι E.Tr. 916

;

ἐμαυτῇ διὰ λ. ἀφικόμην Id.Med. 872

;

ἐς λ. ἄγειν τινά X.HG4.1.2

;

κοινωνεῖν λόγων καὶ διανοίας Arist.EN 1170b12

.

b right of discussion or speech, ἢ 'πὶ τῷ πλήθει λ.; S.OC 66; λ. αἰτήσασθαι ask leave to speak, Th.3.53;

λ. διδόναι X.HG5.2.20

; οὐ προυτέθη σφίσιν λ. κατὰ τὸν νόμον ib.1.7.5;

λόγου τυχεῖν D.18.13

, cf. Arist.EN 1095b21, Plb.18.52.1;

οἱ λόγου τοὺς δούλους ἀποστεροῦντες Arist.Pol. 1260b5

;

δοῦλος πέφυκας, οὐ μέτεστί σοι λόγου Trag.Adesp.304

;

διδόντας λ. καὶ δεχομένους ἐν τῷ μέρει Luc.Pisc.8

: hence, time allowed for a speech,

ἐν τῷ ἐμῷ λ. And.1.26

,al.;

ἐν τῷ ἑαυτοῦ λ. Pl.Ap. 34a

;

οὐκ ἐλάττω λ. ἀνήλωκε D.18.9

.

c dialogue, as a form of philosophical debate,

ἵνα μὴ μαχώμεθα ἐν τοῖς λ. ἐγώ τε καὶ σύ Pl. Cra. 430d

;

πρὸς ἀλλήλους τοὺς λ. ποιεῖσθαι Id.Prt. 348a

: hence, dialogue as a form of literature,

οἱ Σωκρατικοὶ λ. Arist.Po. 1447b11

, Rh. 1417a20; cf. διάλογος.

d section, division of a dialogue or treatise (cf. v. 3),

ὁ πρῶτος λ. Pl.Prm. 127d

; ὁ πρόσθεν, ὁ παρελθὼν λ., Id.Phlb. 18e, 19b;

ἐν τοῖς πρώτοις λ. Arist.PA 682a3

; ἐν τοῖς περὶ κινήσεως λ. in the discussion of motion (i. e. Ph.bk.8), Id.GC 318a4;

ἐν τῷ περὶ ἐπαίνου λ. Phld.Rh.1.219

; branch, department, division of a system of philosophy,

τὴν φρόνησιν ἐκ τριῶν συνεστηκέναι λ., τῶν φυσικῶν καὶ τῶν ἠθικῶν καὶ τῶν λογικῶν Chrysipp.Stoic.2.258

.

e in pl., literature, letters, Pl.Ax. 365b, Epin. 975d, D.H.Comp.1,21 (but, also in pl., treatises, Plu.2.16c);

οἱ ἐπὶ λόγοις εὐδοκιμώτατοι Hdn.6.1.4

; Λόγοι, personified, AP9.171 (Pall.).

VII a particular utterance, saying:

1 divine utterance, oracle, Pi.P.4.59;

λ. μαντικοί Pl. Phdr. 275b

;

οὐ γὰρ ἐμὸν ἐρῶ τὸν λ. Pl.Ap. 20e

;

ὁ λ. τοῦ θεοῦ Apoc.1.2

,9.

2 proverb, maxim, saying, Pi.N.9.6, A.Th. 218; ὧδ' ἔχει λ. ib. 225; τόνδ' ἐκαίνισεν λ. ὡς .. Critias 21, cf. Pl.R. 330a, Ev.Jo.4.37;

ὁ παλαιὸς λ. Pl.Phdr. 240c

, cf. Smp. 195b, Grg. 499c, Lg. 757a, 1 Ep.Ti.1.15, Plu.2.1082e, Luc.Alex.9, etc.;

τὸ τοῦ λόγου δὴ τοῦτο Herod.2.45

, cf. D.Chr.66.24, Luc.JTr.3, Alciphr.3.56, etc.: pl., Arist.EN 1147a21.

3 assertion, opp. oath, S.OC 651; ψιλῷ λ. bare word, opp. μαρτυρία, D.27.54.

4 express resolution, κοινῷ λ. by common consent, Hdt.1.141,al.; ἐπὶ λ. τοιῷδε, ἐπ' ᾧ τε .. on the following terms, Id.7.158, cf. 9.26;

ἐνδέξασθαι τὸν λ. Id.1.60

, cf. 9.5; λ. ἔχοντες πλεονέκτην a greedy proposal, Id.7.158: freq. in pl., terms, conditions, Id.9.33, etc.

5 word of command, behest, A.Pr.17,40 (both pl.), Pers. 363;

ἀνθρώπους πιθανωτέρους ποιεῖν λόγῳ X.Oec.13.9

;

ἐξέβαλε τὰ πνεύματα λόγῳ Ev.Matt.8.16

; οἱ δέκα λ. the ten Commandments, LXX Ex.34.28, Ph.1.496.

VIII thing spoken of, subject-matter (cf. 111.1 b and 2),

λ. τοῦτον ἐάσομεν Thgn.1055

; προπεπυσμένος πάντα λ. the whole matter, Hdt.1.21, cf. 111; τὸν ἐόντα λ. the truth of the matter, ib.95, 116; μετασχεῖν τοῦ λ. to be in the secret, ib. 127;

μηδενὶ ἄλλῳ τὸν λ. τοῦτον εῐπῃς Id.8.65

; τίς ἦν λ.; S.OT 684 ( = πρᾶγμα, 699); περί τινος λ. διελεγόμεθα subject, question, Pl.Prt. 314c; [τὸ προοίμιον] δεῖγμα τοῦ λ. case, Arist.Rh. 1415a12, cf. 111.1b; τέλος δὲ παντὸς τοῦ λ. ψηφίζονται the end of the matter was that.., Aeschin.3.124;

οὐκ ἔστεξε τὸν λ. Plb.8.12.5

;

οὐκ ἔστι σοι μερὶς οὐδὲ κλῆρος ἐν τῷ λ. τούτῳ Act.Ap.8.21

;

ἱκανὸς αὐτῷ ὁ λ. Pl.Grg. 512c

; οὐχ ὑπολείπει [Γοργίαν] ὁ λ. matter for talk, Arist.Rh. 1418a35;

μηδένα λ. ὑπολιπεῖν Isoc.4.146

; πρὸς λόγον to the point, apposite,

οὐδὲν πρὸς λ. Pl.Phlb. 42e

, cf. Prt. 344a;

ἐὰν πρὸς λ. τι ᾖ Id.Phlb. 33c

; also

πρὸς λόγου Id.Grg. 459c

(s. v.l.).

2 plot of a narrative or dramatic poem, = μῦθος, Arist.Po. 1455b17, al.

b in Art, subject of a painting,

ζωγραφίας λόγοι Philostr.VA 6.10

;

λ. τῆς γραφῆς Id.Im.1.25

.

3 thing talked of, event,

μετὰ τοὺς λ. τούτους LXX 1 Ma.7.33

, cf. Act.Ap.15.6.

IX expression, utterance, speech regarded formally, τὸ ἀπὸ [ψυχῆς] ῥεῦμα διὰ τοῦ στόματος ἰὸν μετὰ φθόγγου λ., opp. διάνοια, Pl.Sph. 263e; intelligent utterance, opp. φωνή, Arist.Pol. 1253a14;

λ. ἐστὶ φωνὴ σημαντικὴ κατὰ συνθήκην Id.Int. 16b26

, cf. Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.213; ὅθεν (from the heart)

ὁ λ. ἀναπέμπεται Stoic.2.228

, cf. 244; Protagoras was nicknamed λόγος, Hsch. ap. Sch.Pl.R. 600c, Suid.;

λόγου πειθοῖ Democr.181

: in pl., eloquence, Isoc.3.3,9.11;

τὴν ἐν λόγοις εὐρυθμίαν Epicur.Sent.Pal.5p.69

v. d. M.; λ. ἀκριβής precise language, Ar.Nu. 130 (pl.), cf. Arist.Rh. 1418b1;

τοῦ μὴ ᾀδομένου λ. Pl.R. 398d

; ἡδυσμένος λ., of rhythmical language set to music, Arist.Po. 1449b25; ἐν παντὶ λ. in all manner of utterance, 1 Ep.Cor.1.5; ἐν λόγοις in orations, Arist.Po. 1459a13; λ. γελοῖοι, ἀσχήμονες, ludicrous, improper speech, Id.SE 182b15, Pol. 1336b14.

2 of various modes of expression, esp. artistic and literary,

ἔν τε ᾠδαῖς καὶ μύθοις καὶ λόγοις Pl.Lg. 664a

;

ἐν λόγῳ καὶ ἐν ᾠδαῖς X.Cyr.1.4.25

, cf. Pl.Lg. 835b; prose, opp. ποίησις, Id.R. 390a; opp. ψιλομετρία, Arist.Po. 1448a11; opp. ἔμμετρα, ib. 1450b15 (pl.); τῷ λ. τοῦτο τῶν μέτρων (sc. τὸ ἰαμβεῖον)

ὁμοιότατον εἶναι Id.Rh. 1404a31

; in full, ψιλοὶ λ. prose, ib. b33 (but ψιλοὶ λ., = arguments without diagrams, Pl.Tht. 165a); λ. πεζοί, opp. ποιητική, D.H.Comp.6; opp. ποιήματα, ib.15;

κοινὰ καὶ ποιημάτων καὶ λόγων Phld.Po.5.7

; πεζὸς λ. ib.27, al.

b of the constituents of lyric or dramatic poetry, words,

τὸ μέλος ἐκ τριῶν.. λόγου τε καὶ ἁρμονίας καὶ ῥυθμοῦ Pl.R. 398d

; opp. πρᾶξις, Arist.Po. 1454a18; dramatic dialogue, opp. τὰ τοῦ χοροῦ, ib. 1449a17.

3 Gramm., phrase, complex term, opp. ὄνομα, Id.SE 165a13; λ. ὀνοματώδης noun- phrase, Id.APo. 93b30, cf. Rh. 1407b27; expression, D.H.Th.2, Demetr.Eloc.92.

b sentence, complete statement, "

ἄνθρωπος μανθάνει λόγον εἶναί φῃς.. ἐλάχιστόν τε καὶ πρῶτον Pl.Sph. 262c

;

λ. αὐτοτελής A.D.Synt.3.6

, D.T.634.1; ῥηθῆναι λόγῳ to be expressed in a sentence, Pl.Tht. 202b; λ. ἔχειν to be capable of being so expressed, ib. 201e, cf. Arist.Rh. 1404b26.

c language, τὰ τοῦ λ. μέρη parts of speech, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.31, S.E.M.9.350, etc.;

τὰ μόρια τοῦ λ. D.H.Comp.6

;

μέρος λ. D.T.633.26

, A.D.Pron.4.6, al. (but ἓν μέρος <τοῦ cod.> λόγου one word, Id.Synt.340.10, cf. 334.22); περὶ τῶν στοιχείων τοῦ λ., title of work by Chrysippus.

X the Word or Wisdom of God, personified as his agent in creation and world-government,

ὁ παντοδύναμός σου λ. LXX Wi.18.15

;

ὁ ἐκ νοὸς φωτεινὸς λ. υἱὸς θεοῦ Corp.Herm.1.6

, cf. Plu.2.376c; λ. θεοῦ δι' οὗ κατεσκευάσθη [ὁ κόσμος] Ph.1.162; τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ σοφίας· ἡ δέ ἐστιν ὁ θεοῦ λ. ib.56; λ. θεῖος.. εἰκὼν θεοῦ ib. 561, cf. 501; τὸν τομέα τῶν συμπάντων [θεοῦ] λ. ib. 492; τὸν ἄγγελον ὅς ἐστι λ. ib. 122: in NT identified with the person of Christ,

ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ λ. Ev.Jo.1.1

, cf. 14, 1 Ep.Jo.2.7, Apoc.19.13;

ὁ λ. τῆς ζωῆς 1 Ep.Jo.1.1

.

nāscor (altlat. gnāscor), nātus sum (altl. gnātus sum), nāscitūrus, nāscī (verwandt mit gigno), I) eig.: A) gezeugt-, geboren werden, vom Manne und vom Weibe, v. Gewächsen = wachsen, verb. mit ex, de u. Abl. od. mit bl. Abl., selten mit ab u. Abl., quod ex quocumque asino et equa nascitur, id est mulus et mula, Varro LL.: bestiae ex se natos diligunt, ihre Jungen, Cic.: ex fratre et sorore nati, die Kinder, Nep.: ex me hic non natus est, sed ex fratre, er ist nicht mein Sohn, Ter.: ex me et hoc natus est, Ter.: ex Thetide natus, Quint.: de paelice natus, Ov.: quo de genere gnatus est illic Philoctetes? Plaut.: silice non nati sumus, Cic.: natus servā, Liv.: natus deā, Ov.: nasci certo patre, einen Vater haben, Cic.: libertino patre natus, Liv. epit.: nullo patre natus, ohne bestimmten Vater, Liv.: frater utroque parente natus (Ggstz. matre eādem natus), Liv.: rusticis parentibus natus, ein Bauernkind, -sohn, Macr.: generari et nasci a principibus, Tac.: nascentur ab illis, Verg. – mit Dat. wem? vitulum matri eius natum mirae magnitudinis, Aur. Vict.: ei filium nasciturum, qui, Iul. Val. – m. Dat. für wen? non nobis solum nati sumus, Cic.: herbam non pecori tantum, sed homini nasci, Sen.: nasci aerumnis, Sen. – m. attrib. Adi. zur Angabe als wer? unde illa scivit, niger an albus nascerer? Phaedr. 3, 15, 10: astruentes illum iustum nasci aut emori mi-

————

nime convenisse, Aur. Vict. de Caes. 20, 6. – absol., impares nascimur, pares morimur, Sen.: pomorum ingens modus nascitur, Curt.: pupillus non natus, ein ungeborenes M., Cic.: alqm natum non putare, Sen.: mortalis natus, als St. geboren, Cic.: vir natus, als Mann geboren, Phaedr.: homo natus, als Mensch geboren, Menschenkind, Menschensohn, Sen. u.a. (s. Bünem. Lact. 3, 19, 7. Davis Cic. Tusc. 3, 36): Macedo natus, ein M. von Geburt, Curt.: recens natus, s. recens no. II: post homines natos, seitdem Menschen gelebt haben, Cic.: post hominum genus natum, seit Erschaffung der Welt, Cic.: aves in pedes nascuntur, kommen mit den Füßen zuerst auf die Welt, Plin.: in miseriam nascimur sempiternam, wir werden zu ewigem Elende geboren, Cic.: Graeci nati in litteris, unter den Wissenschaften aufgewachsen, Cic.: inter vepres rosae nascuntur, Amm.: natus in libero populo inter iura legesque, Liv.: sub alio caelo natae beluae, Sen.: caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem, Liv.: id (diese Erzeugnisse) non apud eos nasci, Cic.: servus aut domi natus est aut hereditate relictus aut emptus, Ps. Quint. decl.: cuius domi haec nascuntur, dem das im eigenen Garten wächst (bildl.), Cic.: ibi natum esse, Syracusis natum esse, Plaut.: humi nascuntur fraga, Verg.: gramen, quod in eo loco gnatum esset, Gell. – Partiz. Futur. nāscitūrus, a, um, Pallad. 7, 7, 8. Cassian. de inc. Chr. 2, 3. Augustin. serm. 2,

————

1; 184, 3; 188, 4; 370, 2. Sidon. epist. 3, 3, 1. Ps. Porc. Latro decl. c. Catil. 8. Iul. Val. 1, 5 ed. Rom. (dagegen verlangt Cledon. 57, 34 K. naturus): Gerundiv nāscendus, a, um, zB. ad homines quoque nascendos vim numeri istius pertinere ait, zur Erzeugung, Bildung von Menschen, Gell. 3, 10, 7; vgl. Cod. Iust. 5, 27, 4. Cledon. 57, 34 K. – B) entspringen, entstammen, nascetur pulchrā Troianus origine Caesar, Verg.: antiquo genere natus, aus einer alten Familie, Nep.: amplissimā familiā natus, Caes.: natus summo loco, von vornehmer Herkunft, Cic.: obscure natus, von dunkler Herkunft, Eutr.: non admodum clare natus, von keiner sehr berühmten Familie, Eutr. – ex senatoribus principes nascuntur, Tac. hist. 1, 84. – II) übtr., von konkr. u. abstr. Ggstdn., entstehen, entspringen, herrühren, sich zeigen, seinen Anfang nehmen, werden, verb. mit ex, ab, in u. Abl., nasci ex omnibus rebus omne genus posset, Lucr.: ex palude nascitur amnis, Plin.: ex hoc nascitur, ut etc., daraus folgt, daß usw., Cic.: ab eo flumine collis nascebatur, erhob sich, Caes.: nulla pestis est, quae non homini ab homine nascatur, Cic.: querelae verae nascuntur pectore ab imo, Catull.: profectio nata a timore defectionis, Caes.: a vobis natus sum consularis, Cic.: invenietis id facinus natum a cupiditate, Cic.: fateor ea me studiose secutum, ex quibus vera gloria nasci posset, Cic.: Ganges in montibus na-

————

scitur, Plin.: apud quos (Auchetas) Hypanis nascitur, Mart. Cap.: nascitur ibi plumbum, Caes.: absol., inde quasi nata (wie aus dem Boden gestampft) subito classis erupit, Flor.: lunā nascente, beim Aufgang des Mondes, Hor.: nascere, Lucifer, geh auf! Verg.: natae nebulae, Ov.: nascentia templa, neu sich erhebende Tempel, Mart.: nascentis Italiae fauces, des beginnenden J., Flor.: ut mihi nascatur argumentum epistulae, damit ich Stoff zum Briefe bekomme, Cic.: in sermone nato super cenam, das sich entsponnen hatte, Suet. Caes. 87.

Außerdem bemerke man noch in bes. Bed. die Participia A) nāscentia, ium, n., organische Körper, bes. Gewächse, Vitr. 5, 1, 3 u. 8, 1. – B) nātus (gnātus), a, um, 1) subst.: a) nātus (gnātus), ī, m., α) Sohn, natus crudelis, v. Alkmäon, Verg.: volucer, v. Amor, Ov.: mihi ausculta, nate, Enn.: da, nate, petenti, Verg.: natum obiectat illis, den Tod des S., Ov.: Plur. nati, Kinder, Verg., Ov. u.a. Dicht.: in klass. Prosa nur im Ggstz. zu parentes u. dgl., nati et parentes, Cic. de amic. 27: parentes natique, Liv. 1, 23, 1: viri natique, Liv. 5, 40, 3: maritus et nati, Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 2900: von Tieren, die Jungen, Colum., Verg. u. Ov. – β) ein Mensch, nemo natus in aedibus habitat, keine menschliche Seele, Plaut.; vgl. Lorenz Plaut., most. 389. – b) nāta (gnāta), ae, f., Tochter, gnatam requirens, Cic. fragm. H. IV, a, 694: maxima

————

natarum Priami, Verg.: si quis gnatam pro muta devovet agna, Hor.: Dat. u. Abl. Plur. natis; aber auch natabus (gnatabus), Plaut. bei Prisc. 7, 11. Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 1963. col. 1. lin. 3. Vgl. Neue-Wagener Formenl.³ 1, 36 ff. – c) neutr. pl., terrā nata, Erzeugnisse der Erde, Cic. ep. 9, 26, 2: sponte natis ali, sich von dem nähren, was ohne Anbau wächst, Arnob. 2, 40 in. – 2) adi.: a) zu etw. geboren, zu etw. geschaffen, von Natur zu etw. bestimmt, dah. geschickt, geeignet, m. ad od. in u. Akk. od. m. bl. Dat. (s. Müller Liv. 1, 34, 3), vir ad omnia summa natus, Cic.: vir nihil minus quam ad bella natus, Liv. epit.: ad dicendum natus et aptus, recht dazu gemacht usw., Cic.: bos ad arandum natus, Cic.: locus natus ad equestrem pugnam, Liv.: nata in vanos tumultus gens, Liv.: viri in arma nati, Liv.: natis in usum laetitiae scyphis, Hor.: Crispus iucundus et delectationi natus, Cic.: natus abdomini suo, Cic., abdomini et voluptatibus, Treb. Poll.: qui se natum huic imperio putavit, Cic.: nationes natae servituti, Cic.: loca nata insidiis, Liv.: natus agendis rebus, Hor.: otium natum sermonibus serendis, Curt.: ager rē ipsā natus tegendis insidiis, Liv. – m. adversus u. Akk., Hannibal natus adversus Romanos hostis, Liv. 35, 12, 14. – mit Infin., fruges consumere nati, Hor. ep. 1, 2, 27: natus tolerare labores, Ov. met. 15, 121: pati natae (feminae), Sen. ep. 95, 21: aqua nata defluere, Sen. nat. qu. 2, 9, 2: quod

————

illa prona in terramque vergentia nihil nata sunt prospicere nisi pabulum, Min. Fel. 17, 2. – b) mit Adverbien, irgendwie (von Natur) beschaffen, ita natus locus est, Liv.: ager male natus, Varro: ita rem natam intellego, Plaut.: versus male nati, Hor.: homo improbius natus, i.e. cui magna est natura, im obszönen Sinne, Suet.: dah. e re nata, Ter., od. pro re nata, Cic., nach Beschaffenheit der Sache od. der Umstände, der Zeit. – c) mit einer Zeitbestimmung im Acc., irgendwie alt, in einem Alter von, annos nonaginta natus, Cic.: plus triginta natus annis ego sum, Plaut.: od. mit einer Zeitangabe im Genet., decem annorum natus, Varro sat. Men. 496: annorum gnatus XVI, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 26: septem nata annorum, ibid. 1, 1011. Vgl. magnus no. II, A, 2, b, α u. parvus no. II, C, 2, a. – ⇒ Parag. Infin. nascier, Anthol. Lat. 6, 19 R. Über die übrigen Formen von nascor vgl. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 444.

vălĕo, ui, itum, 2, v. n. [kindr. with Sanscr. bala, vis, robur, balishtas, fortissimus; cf. debilis], to be strong.

Lit., of physical strength, vigor, or health.

In gen., to be strong, stout, or vigorous, to have strength (cf.: polleo, vigeo).

Absol.: verum illi valent, qui vi luctantur cum leonibus, Pomp. ap. Non. 112, 4 (Com. Rel. v. 176 Rib.):

puer ille (Hercules recens natus) ut magnus est et multum valet!

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 51: plus potest, qui plus valet: Vir erat;

plus valebat,

id. Truc. 4, 3, 38 sq.:

sanus homo, qui bene valet,

Cels. 1, 1 init.:

si magis valet,

id. 3, 18:

si satis valet (= si satis validae vires sunt, just before),

id. 4, 7 init.:

prout nervi valent,

id. 8, 16.—Of plants:

vitem novellam resecari tum erit tempus ubi valebit,

Cato, R. R. 33, 3 sq. —

To be strong in or for something, to have the power or strength, be in condition to do something, etc.

Of personal subjects, etc.

With ad and acc.:

alios videmus velocitate ad cursum, alios viribus ad luctandum valere,

Cic. Off. 1, 30, 107.—

With inf.:

manibus pedibusque morbo distortissimis, ut neque calceum perpeti nec libellos evolvere valeret,

Suet. Galb. 21:

mustela cum mures veloces non valeret assequi,

Phaedr. 4, 1, 10:

valet ima summis Mutare deus,

Hor. C. 1, 34, 12; cf. II. B. 2. h. infra; cf.:

illud mirari mitte, quod non valet e lapide hoc alias impellere res,

Lucr. 6, 1057:

versate diu quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri (sc. ferre),

Hor. A. P. 40:

nec valuere manus infixum educere telum,

Ov. M. 13, 393; 12, 101; Col. 6, 25 fin. —

Of remedies or medicines, to be efficacious, be good for any thing; with ad and acc.:

fimum potum ad dysentericos valet,

Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 105.—With contra:

cimices valent contra serpentium morsus,

Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—With eodem:

id quoque collyrium eodem valet,

Cels. 6, 6, 21.—With pro:

ruta per se pro antidoto valet,

Plin. 20, 13, 51, § 132.—With abl.:

dictamnus valet potu et illitu et suffitu,

Plin. 26, 15, 90, § 153.— With inf.:

sandaracha valet purgare, sistere, excalfacere, perrodere,

Plin. 34, 18, 55, § 177.—

Of sounds: cum C ac similiter G non valuerunt, in T ac D molliuntur, i. e. were not pronounced strongly, Quint. 1, 11, 5.—

Esp., in respect of the natural condition of the body, to be well in health, to be in a sound or healthy condition, to be healthy, hale, hearty.

In gen.

Absol.:

equidem valeo recte et salvus sum,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 36:

perpetuon' valuisti?

id. Ep. 1, 1, 15; 1, 1, 18:

valen'? Valuistin? valeo et valui rectius,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 12 sq.: facile omnes, quom valemus, recta consilia aegrotis damus, Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:

dicit vilicus servos non valuisse,

Cato, R. R. 2, 3 sq.; 5, 6:

boves ut recte valeant,

id. ib. 103:

optime valere et gravissime aegrotare,

Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 43; 4, 25, 69:

cura est, ut valeat,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 4:

ego valeo recte et rem gero,

id. Pers. 2, 3, 34:

te recte valere operamque dare, ut cottidie melius,

Cic. Fam. 11, 24, 1: deterius quam soleo, Luccei. ib. 5, 14, 1:

commode,

Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 11: Ni. Benene usque valuit? Chr. Pancratice atque athletice, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 14:

minus valere... melius valere,

Cic. Att. 4, 14, 1:

nam matri oculi si valerent, mecum venisset simul,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 8.—

With abl.:

si corpore valuisset,

Cic. Brut. 20, 77:

nec melius valeo quam corpore, mente,

Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; cf. Sall. J. 11, 5:

pedibus,

Nep. Phoc. 4, 1:

stomacho,

Juv. 6, 100.—

With ab and abl.:

ab oculis,

Gell. 13, 30, 10:

a morbo,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 26; and facetiously: Me. Ain tu te valere? Eu. Pol ego haud a pecunia perbene, as to money, not very well, id. Aul. 2, 2, 9.—

Esp., at the commencement of letters (very freq.), si vales, bene est, and abbreviated S. V. B. E.;

and, more fully, with the addition ego or equidem valeo (abbrev. E. V. or E. Q. V.),

Cic. Fam. 13, 6; 14, 11; 14, 16; 14, 17; 14, 21; 14, 22; 14, 23; 14, 24; 15, 1; 15, 2; Metell. ib. 5, 1; Vatin. ib. 5, 9; Luccei. ib. 5, 14 al.; cf.:

mos antiquis fuit usque ad meam servatus aetatem, primis epistulae verbis adicere: Si vales bene est,

Sen. Ep. 15, 1; so too: S. V. G. V. (si vales, gaudeo, valeo) et Tullia nostra recte V. Terentia minus belle habuit: sed certum scio jam convaluisse eam, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1.—

Rarely impers. pass.:

quid agitur, Sagaristio? ut valetur?

Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 8.—

Vale or valeas, in leave-taking, farewell, adieu (cf.: salve, ave).

In gen.: Di. Valeas. Ph. Vale, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 79: Ar. Vale. Ph. Quo properas? Ar. Bene vale, id. As. 3, 3, 16; id. Mil. 4, 8, 51:

bene vale, Alcumena,

id. Am. 1, 3, 1:

vale atque salve,

id. Capt. 3, 5, 86; id. Curc. 4, 2, 36: vale atque salve. Th. Male vale, male sit tibi, id. ib. 4, 4, 32; v. salvus: Ly. Ad portum propero. De. Bene ambulato. Ly. Bene valeto. De. Bene sit tibi, id. Merc. 2, 2, 55:

bene valete et vivite,

id. Mil. 4, 8, 30:

ite intro cito: valete,

id. As. 3, 3, 155:

abeo: valete, judices justissimi,

id. Capt. prol. 67:

vos valete et plaudite,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 64:

in hoc biduom vale,

id. ib. 1, 2, 110:

vive valeque,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 110.—Before a vowel, scanned vale:

et longum, Formose vale, vale, inquit Iolla,

Verg. E. 3, 79; Ov. M. 3, 501.—

At the conclusion of letters:

Vale,

Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 3; 6, 21, 3; 4, 8, 2; Luccei. ib. 5, 14, 3:

cura ut valeas,

Cic. Fam. 7, 15, 2; 7, 20, 3; rarely bene vale, Mat. ib. 11, 28, 8; Cur. ib. 7, 29, 2; cf.:

tu me diligis et valebis,

Cic. ib. 9, 22, 5; 15, 18, 2: fac valeas meque mutuo diligas, Planc. ib. 10, 7, 2; Mat. ib. 11, 28, 8.—

Also in bidding farewell to the dead:

salve aeternum mihi, maxime Palla, Aeternumque vale,

Verg. A. 11, 97; Stat. S. 3, 3, 208; cf. Varr. ap. Serv. Verg. l. l.;

v. salvus: in perpetuom, frater, ave atque vale,

Cat. 101, 10:

terque, Vale, dixit,

Ov. F. 3, 563:

supremumque vale... dixit,

id. M. 10, 62.—

As an expression of dismission, refusal, or scorn, be off, begone:

valeas, tibi habeas res tuas, reddas meas,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 46:

immo habeat, valeat, vivat cum illa,

Ter. And. 5, 3, 18:

valeas, habeas illam quae placet,

id. Ad. 4, 4, 14:

si talis est deus, ut nulla hominum caritate teneatur, valeat,

good-by to him, let me have nothing to do with him, Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 124:

valeat res ludicra, si me Palma negata macrum, donata reducit opimum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 180: valeant, Qui inter nos discidium volunt, away with those, etc., Ter. And. 4, 2, 13:

quare ista valeant: me res familiaris movet,

Cic. Att. 16, 15, 5: castra peto, valeatque Venus, valeantque puellae, farewell to Venus, etc., Tib. 2, 6, 9:

valete curae,

Petr. 79; cf. Cat. 8, 12; 11, 17; Ov. Am. 1, 6, 71 sqq.—

With valere jubere or dicere (sometimes as one word, vălĕdīco, ere, 3, v. n.), to bid one good-by, farewell, adieu:

illum salutavi: post etiam jussi valere,

Cic. Att. 5, 2, 2:

vix illud potui dicere triste vale,

Ov. H. 13, 14:

saepe vale dicto rursus sum multa locutus,

id. Tr. 1, 3, 57:

tibi valedicere non licet gratis,

Sen. Ep. 17, 11; Sulp. Sev. Dial. 1, 3, 1: obstinatissime [p. 1954] retinuit, ut liberti servique bis die frequentes adessent ac mane salvere, vesperi valere sibi singuli dicerent, Suet. Galb. 4 fin.; id. Aug. 53; id. Tib. 72.—So (late Lat.):

vale facere (or valefacere),

August. Ep. 65; App. M. 4, p. 150, 24.

Transf., to have power, force, or influence; to be powerful, effective, valid; to avail, prevail, be strong, effective, etc.

In gen.:

fiet enim quodcunque volent, qui valebunt: valebunt autem semper arma,

will always have the power, Cic. Fam. 9, 17, 1:

fuit enim populi potestas: de civitate ne tam diu quidem valuit quam diu illa Sullani temporis arma valuerunt,

id. Dom. 30, 79:

dicitur C. Flaminius ad populum valuisse dicendo,

id. Brut. 14, 57:

tribunus plebis tulit... ut lex Aelia et Fufia ne valeret,

id. Red. in Sen. 5, 11:

in more majorum, qui tum ut lex valebat,

id. Leg. 2, 10, 23:

valuit auctoritas,

id. Tusc. 2, 22, 53:

verba si valent,

id. Caecin. 21, 61:

(ejus) valet opinio tarditatis,

is established, id. de Or. 1, 27, 125:

si conjuratio valuisset,

id. ib. 17, 7:

cujus ratio non valuit,

Nep. Milt. 3, 7:

jus tamen gentium valuit,

Liv. 2, 4, 7:

praetor... ratus repentinum valiturum terrorem, succedit, etc.,

id. 44, 31, 6:

et vestrae valuere preces,

Ov. M. 13, 89; id. P. 3, 3, 92; id. Ib. 241.—

Esp.

With respect to the source, character, or mode of exercise of the strength ascribed to the subject.

With abl.:

non metuo mihi... Dum quidem hoc valebit pectus perfidia meum,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 50:

reliqui duo sic exaequantur, ut Domitius valeat amicis, Memmius commendetur militibus,

Cic. Att. 4, 16, 6 (17, 2):

multa sanxit quae omnia magistratuum auctoritate et Halaesinorum summa voluntate valuerunt,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:

ita istam libertatem largior populo, ut auctoritate et valeant et utantur boni,

id. Leg. 3, 17, 38:

quae (voluntas militum) cum per se valet multitudine,

id. Mur. 18, 38:

parum valent (Graeci) verbo,

i. e. have no precise word, id. Tusc. 3, 5, 11:

qui aut gratia aut misericordia valerent,

Caes. B. C. 2, 44:

dicendo,

Nep. Ages. 1, 2:

qui pedum cursu valet,

Verg. A. 5, 67; Quint. 9, 2, 78:

Battiades... Quamvis ingenio non valet, arte valet,

Ov. Am. 1, 15, 14:

plerique plus ingenio quam arte valuerunt,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

rogando,

Ov. M. 2, 183:

subtilitate vincimur, valeamus pondere,

Quint. 12, 11, 8.—

With in and abl.:

Sp. Thorius satis valuit in populari genere dicendi,

Cic. Brut. 36, 136:

quid facilius est quam probari in uno servulo nomen familiae non valere,

id. Caecin. 19, 55:

in his maxime valet similitudo,

Quint. 6, 3, 57:

mire in causis valet praesumptio,

id. 9, 2, 16:

(digitus) in exprobrando et indicando valet,

id. 11, 3, 94.—

With some definite end expressed, upon or towards which influence or power is exercised or directed, to be strong enough for, adequate to, or capable of any thing, to be able to do, to have force or efficacy, to be effectual, to avail, to be applicable.

With in and acc.:

hoc evenit, ut in volgus insipientium opinio valeat honestatis,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 63:

quaecumque est hominis definitio, una in omnes valet,

id. Leg. 1, 10, 29; cf. id. Div. 2, 56, 116:

cum illud verbum unde in utramque rem valeat,

id. Caecin. 31, 89:

num etiam in deos inmortales inauspicatam legem valuisse? Liv 7, 6, 11: utrumque hoc genus semel injectum in L. annos valet et frugum et pabuli ubertate,

Plin. 17, 7, 4, § 44:

etiamsi in utramque partem valent arma facundiae,

Quint. 2, 16, 10:

hoc etiam in praeteritum valet,

id. 9, 2, 20; cf.:

cum... idque in omnis partis valeret,

Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2.—

With eo: oratio me cohortabatur, ut, etc.... quod eo, credo, valebat, ut caerimonias religionesque defenderem, the force or point of which was, etc., Cic. N. D. 3, 2, 5:

id responsum quo valeat, cum intellegeret nemo,

Nep. Them. 2, 6; cf. II. B. 3. i, infra.—

With ad and acc. of thing:

tu non solum ad neglegendas leges... verum etiam ad evertendas valuisti,

Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 18: astrorum affectio valeat, si vis, ad quasdam res;

ad omnis certe non valebit,

id. Fat. 4, 8:

illud perficiam ut invidia mihi valeat ad gloriam,

id. Cat. 3, 12, 29:

vitae adjuncta esse dicebant, quae ad virtutis usum valerent,

id. Ac. 1, 5, 21:

ista quaestura ad eam rem valet, ut, etc.,

id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 62: neque, quod Samnites... amici vobis facti sunt, ad id valere arbitror, ne nos in amicitiam accipiamur, Liv. 7, 30, 4:

eadem fictio valet et ad qualitates,

Quint. 5, 10, 99; cf. II. B. 3. infra.—

With apud or ad and acc. of person influenced, etc.

With apud:

ibit ad illud ilico, Quo maxume apud te se valere sentiat,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 79:

non quin eam (commendationem) valituram apud te arbitrarer,

Cic. Fam. 13, 16, 3:

apud te veritas valebit,

id. Quint. 1, 5:

sed haec eadem nunc censes apud eos ipsos valere, a quibus... conscripta sunt?

id. Tusc. 2, 4, 11:

magnis meritis apud regem... valebat,

Nep. Con. 3, 1:

jus bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat,

Sall. C. 9, 1:

apud magnam partem senatus et magnitudine rerum gestarum valebat et gratia,

Liv. 31, 48, 1:

apud nos valeant ea, quae apud judices valere volumus,

Quint. 6, 2, 28.—

With ad:

dicitur enim C. Flaminius... ad populum valuisse dicendo,

Cic. Brut. 14, 57:

clementiae fama... ad ferociores jam populos valuit,

Liv. 21, 6, 4:

metus ad omnis valuit, ne deditionem recusarent,

id. 38, 28, 6.—

With contra and acc.:

hoc nonne videtur contra te valere?

Cic. Ac. 2, 27, 86:

quae valeant contra falsam criminationem,

id. de Or. 2, 79, 321:

ne quid esset... quod contra caput suum aut existimationem valere posset,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 71, § 173: ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:

cum pro falsis contra veritatem (rhetorice) valet,

Quint. 2, 16, 2; cf. f. infra.—

With pro and abl.:

multa in adversos effudit verba penates Pro deplorato non valitura viro,

Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 46:

epitheton valet pro nomine,

Quint. 8, 6, 29; cf. I. A. 2, b. supra.—

With dat. gerund. (post-class. and rare):

nam et augendae rei et minuendae valet (particula),

Gell. 5, 12, 10.—

With inf. (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose;

not in Cic. or Caes.): nam si certam finem esse viderent Aerumnarum homines, aliqua ratione valerent Religionibus... obsistere,

Lucr. 1, 108:

hanc ob rem vitam retinere valemus,

id. 3, 257:

nec continere suos ab direptione castrorum valuit,

Liv. 38, 23, 4 Weissenb. ad loc.:

quam (urbem) neque finitimi valuerunt perdere Marsi,

Hor. Epod. 16, 3:

cetera... adeo sunt multa, loquacem Delassare valent Fabium,

id. S. 1, 1, 13; id. C. 4, 7, 27:

nec valuit locos coeptos avertere cursus,

Tib. 4, 1, 55:

qui relicti erant... ne conspectum quidem hostis sustinere valuerunt,

Curt. 3, 4, 5:

neque ex eo infamiam discutere valuit,

Suet. Caes. 79.—With things as subj.:

ergo fungar vice cotis, acutum Reddere quae ferrum valet,

Hor. A. P. 305; cf. I. A. 2. b, supra.—Esp.,

With adverbial qualifications expressing the degree of power or influence exerted, etc.; very freq. with accs- multum, plus, plurimum, parum, minus, minimum, nihil, tantum, quantum, quid, id, idem, quiddam, quidquam, quidquid, etc.

Edepol, Cupido, cum tu tam pusillu's, nimis multum vales, Naev. ap. Non. 421, 25 (Com. Rel. v. 55 Rib.):

plus potest qui plus valet,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 38:

neque ita inperita (sum), ut quid amor valeat nesciam,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 42.—So absol.: nam opulenti cum locuntur pariter atque ignobiles, Eadem dicta eademque oratio aequa non aeque valet, Enn. ap. Gell. 11, 4, 3 (Trag. Rel. v. 230 Vahl.):

ignari quid gravitas... quid denique virtus valeret,

Cic. Sest. 28, 60:

illa obnuntiatio nihil valuit, aut, si valuit, id valuit, ut, etc.,

id. Div. 1, 16, 30: omnia veniebant Antonio in mentem;

eaque suo quaeque loco, ubi plurimum proficere et valere possent... collocabantur,

id. Brut. 37, 139:

cur minus Venena Medaeae valent?

Hor. Epod. 5. 62.—

With abl.:

quod tibi lubet fac, quoniam pugnis plus vales,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 240; cf.

v. 234: quicquid possunt, pedestribus valent copiis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 17:

qui plus opibus, armis, potentia valent, perfecisse mihi videntur... ut etiam auctoritate jam plus valerent,

Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 10:

quasi vero ego... in isto genere omnino quidquam aut curatione aut potestate valuissem,

id. Dom. 6, 14:

Ti. Coruncanium longe plurimum ingenio valuisse,

id. Brut. 14, 55:

quantum gratia, auctoritate, pecunia valerent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 63:

Caesar multum equitatu valebat,

id. B. C. 1, 61:

cum tantum equitatu valeamus,

id. ib. 3, 86:

equitatu plurimum valere,

id. B. G. 3, 20; Nep. Alcib. 8, 2.—

With in and abl.:

nihil putas valere in judiciis conjecturam, nihil suspitionem, nihil ante actae vitae existimationem, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 146:

hic multum in Fabia (tribu) valet, ille Velina,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 52. —

With ad and acc.:

multum valuisse ad patris honorem pietas filii videbitur,

Cic. Phil. 9, 5, 12:

ex quo intellegitur, plus terrarum situs, quam lunae tractus, ad nascendum valere,

id. Div. 2, 46, 97:

valet igitur multum ad vincendum probari mores eorum, qui agent causas,

id. de Or. 2, 43, 182:

ad subeundem periculum et ad vitandum multum fortuna valuit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

genus ad probandam speciem minimum valet,

Quint. 5, 10, 56.—

With apud and acc. of pers., to have influence, be influential, have weight with, influence:

apud quem (Caesarem) quicquid valebo vel auctoritate, vel gratia, valebo tibi,

Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 13:

utrum apud eos pudor atque officium, an timor plus valeret,

Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

tantum apud homines barbaros valuit, esse repertos aliquos principes belli inferendi,

id. ib. 5, 54:

potestis constituere, hanc auctoritatem quantum apud exteras nationes valituram esse existimetis,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 46:

non modo praemiis, quae apud me minimum valent, sed ne periculis quidem conpulsus ullis,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 11:

facinus esse indignum, plus impudicissimae mulieris apud te de Cleomenis salute quam de sua vita lacrimas matris valere,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112:

apud quem ut multum gratia valeret, effecit,

Nep. Con. 2, 1.—

With contra: cur desperemus veritatem contra fallacem facundiam valituram? prevail, Lact. Opif. Dei, 20, 5; cf. Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8, II. B. 2, e. supra.—

With pro:

pro periculo magis quam contra salutem valere,

Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; cf.:

quod minus multitudine militum legionariorum pro hostium numero valebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 51.—

With inter:

plurimum inter eos Bellovacos et virtute, et auctoritate, et hominum numero valere,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4.—

With adv. of pur pose:

hoc eo valebat, ut ingratiis ad de pugnandum omnes cogerentur,

Nep. Them. 4, 4:

non tamen hoc eo valet, ut fugien dae sint magnae scholae,

Quint. 1, 2, 16:

nescis quo valeat nummus, quem praebeat usum?

Hor. S. 1, 1, 73; cf. II. B. 2. b. supra. —

Idiomatic uses.

Of money value, to be of the value of, be worth: denarii, quod denos aeris valebant;

quinarii, quod quinos,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 173 Mull.:

dum pro argenteis decem aureus unus valeret,

Liv. 38, 11, 8:

ita ut scrupulum valeret sestertiis vicenis,

Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 47:

si haec praedia valeant nunc decem,

Dig. 24, 1, 7, § 4:

quasi minimo valeret hereditas,

ib. 19, 1, 13:

quanti omnibus valet (servus),

ib. 9, 2, 33; 5, 3, 25, § 1.—

Of the signification of words, sentences, etc.; like the Gr. dunasthai, to mean, signify, import:

quaerimus verbum Latinum par Graeco et quod idem valeat,

Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 13: non usquam id quidem dicit omnino;

sed quae dicit, idem valent,

id. Tusc. 5, 10, 24:

quamquam vocabula prope idem valere videantur,

id. Top. 8, 34:

hoc verbum quid valeat, non vident,

id. Off. 3, 9, 39: cui nomen Becco fuerat;

id valet gallinacei rostrum,

Suet. Vit. 18:

pransus quoque atque potus diversum valent quam indicant,

Quint. 1, 4, 29 et saep.:

et intellego et sentio et video saepe idem valent quod scio,

id. 10, 1, 13:

duo quae idem significant ac tantumdem valent,

id. 1, 5, 4.—Hence, vălens, entis, P. a., strong, stout, vigorous, powerful (class.).

Lit.

In gen.: nil moro discipulos mihi esse plenos sanguinis;

valens adflictet me,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 1, 44:

virgatores,

id. As. 3, 2, 19:

robusti et valentes et audaces satellites,

Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 84:

cum homo imbecillus a valentissima bestia laniatur,

id. Fam. 7, 1, 3:

valentissimi lictores,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 54, § 142:

homines,

id. Phil. 12, 10, 24; Suet. Aug. 35:

hic membris et mole valens,

Verg. A. 5, 431:

membris valens,

Ov. M. 9, 108:

corpore esse vegeto et valenti,

Gell. 3, 1, 11:

nervi musculique,

Cels. 8, 20:

trunci,

Verg. G. 2, 426: scire oportet, omnia legumina generis valentissimi esse: valentissimum voco, in quo plurimum alimenti est... Ex leguminibus valentior faba quam pisum, etc., strongest, i. e. most nutritire, Cels. 2, 18:

tunicae,

stout, thick, Ov. A. A. 3, 109: providendum ne infirmiores (apes) a valentioribus [p. 1955] opprimantur, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 35.—

In partic.

Well in health, healthy, hale, hearty:

valeo et venio ad minus valentem,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 24:

medicus plane confirmat, propediem te valentem fore,

Cic. Fam. 16, 9, 2:

puer, hora undecima cum valens in publico visus esset, ante noctem mortuus est,

id. Clu. 9, 27; cf.

valens (opp. imbecillus),

id. Fam. 16, 5, 2:

(sensus) si sani sunt et valentes,

id. Ac. 2, 7, 19:

si valens corpus est neque magno opere vexatum,

Cels. 7, 26, 5:

sive aegra, sive valens,

Prop. 2, 21 (3, 14), 20.— Subst.:

qui enim aegris subveniretur, quae esset oblectatio valentium, nisi, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 4, 15;

so opp. aeger,

id. de Or. 2, 44, 186.—

Of medicines, strong, powerful, active:

valens est adversus cancerem intestinorum minii gleba,

Cels. 4, 15 fin.:

medicamenta,

id. 1, 3 med.:

silvestri (papaveri capita) ad omnes effectus valentiora,

Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 202; cf. id. 22, 22, 43, § 87.—

Trop., strong, powerful, mighty:

mallem tantas ei (Caesari) vires non dedisset (res publica) quam nunc tam valenti resisteret,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 4:

fuit quondam ita firma haec civitas et valens,

id. Har. Resp. 28, 60:

cum valentiore pugnare,

id. Fam. 5, 21, 2:

valens dialecticus,

id. Fat. 6, 12:

ut fieri nihil possit valentius,

id. Brut. 16, 64:

Philippus jam tum valens multa moliebatur,

Nep. Timoth. 3, 1:

opibus jam valentes,

id. Eum. 10, 3:

argumenta valentiora,

Quint. 5, 13, 12:

quid pars adversa habeat valentissimum,

id. 5, 13, 52:

nec fraus valentior quam consilium meum,

Cic. Univ. 11:

ad letum causae satis valentes,

Ov. M. 5, 174; so,

causae,

id. Tr. 1, 8, 29:

causa valentior,

id. P. 1, 10, 35:

deus morbo omni valentior,

Stat. S. 1, 4, 111:

oppida valentissima,

Nep. Ham. 2, 4.—Hence, adv.: vălenter, strongly, stoutly, powerfully, violently (perh. not ante-Aug.).

Lit.:

resistere,

Col. 1, 5, 9; 3, 2, 15:

nimis valenter ibi retenta materia,

Cels. 5, 26, 21:

praeceps spirare valentius Eurus (coepit),

Ov. M. 11, 481.—

Trop., of speech, forcibly, energetically:

non diu dicebat sed valenter,

Sen. Contr. 3, 22 med.:

si verba numeres, breviter et abscise: si sensum aestimes, copiose et valenter,

Val. Max. 3, 7, ext. 6.

vălĕo, ui, itum, 2, v. n. [kindr. with Sanscr. bala, vis, robur, balishtas, fortissimus; cf. debilis], to be strong.

Lit., of physical strength, vigor, or health.

In gen., to be strong, stout, or vigorous, to have strength (cf.: polleo, vigeo).

Absol.: verum illi valent, qui vi luctantur cum leonibus, Pomp. ap. Non. 112, 4 (Com. Rel. v. 176 Rib.):

puer ille (Hercules recens natus) ut magnus est et multum valet!

Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 51: plus potest, qui plus valet: Vir erat;

plus valebat,

id. Truc. 4, 3, 38 sq.:

sanus homo, qui bene valet,

Cels. 1, 1 init.:

si magis valet,

id. 3, 18:

si satis valet (= si satis validae vires sunt, just before),

id. 4, 7 init.:

prout nervi valent,

id. 8, 16.—Of plants:

vitem novellam resecari tum erit tempus ubi valebit,

Cato, R. R. 33, 3 sq. —

To be strong in or for something, to have the power or strength, be in condition to do something, etc.

Of personal subjects, etc.

With ad and acc.:

alios videmus velocitate ad cursum, alios viribus ad luctandum valere,

Cic. Off. 1, 30, 107.—

With inf.:

manibus pedibusque morbo distortissimis, ut neque calceum perpeti nec libellos evolvere valeret,

Suet. Galb. 21:

mustela cum mures veloces non valeret assequi,

Phaedr. 4, 1, 10:

valet ima summis Mutare deus,

Hor. C. 1, 34, 12; cf. II. B. 2. h. infra; cf.:

illud mirari mitte, quod non valet e lapide hoc alias impellere res,

Lucr. 6, 1057:

versate diu quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri (sc. ferre),

Hor. A. P. 40:

nec valuere manus infixum educere telum,

Ov. M. 13, 393; 12, 101; Col. 6, 25 fin. —

Of remedies or medicines, to be efficacious, be good for any thing; with ad and acc.:

fimum potum ad dysentericos valet,

Plin. 28, 8, 27, § 105.—With contra:

cimices valent contra serpentium morsus,

Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—With eodem:

id quoque collyrium eodem valet,

Cels. 6, 6, 21.—With pro:

ruta per se pro antidoto valet,

Plin. 20, 13, 51, § 132.—With abl.:

dictamnus valet potu et illitu et suffitu,

Plin. 26, 15, 90, § 153.— With inf.:

sandaracha valet purgare, sistere, excalfacere, perrodere,

Plin. 34, 18, 55, § 177.—

Of sounds: cum C ac similiter G non valuerunt, in T ac D molliuntur, i. e. were not pronounced strongly, Quint. 1, 11, 5.—

Esp., in respect of the natural condition of the body, to be well in health, to be in a sound or healthy condition, to be healthy, hale, hearty.

In gen.

Absol.:

equidem valeo recte et salvus sum,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 36:

perpetuon' valuisti?

id. Ep. 1, 1, 15; 1, 1, 18:

valen'? Valuistin? valeo et valui rectius,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 12 sq.: facile omnes, quom valemus, recta consilia aegrotis damus, Ter. And. 2, 1, 9:

dicit vilicus servos non valuisse,

Cato, R. R. 2, 3 sq.; 5, 6:

boves ut recte valeant,

id. ib. 103:

optime valere et gravissime aegrotare,

Cic. Fin. 2, 13, 43; 4, 25, 69:

cura est, ut valeat,

Plaut. Stich. 5, 2, 4:

ego valeo recte et rem gero,

id. Pers. 2, 3, 34:

te recte valere operamque dare, ut cottidie melius,

Cic. Fam. 11, 24, 1: deterius quam soleo, Luccei. ib. 5, 14, 1:

commode,

Plin. Ep. 3, 20, 11: Ni. Benene usque valuit? Chr. Pancratice atque athletice, Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 14:

minus valere... melius valere,

Cic. Att. 4, 14, 1:

nam matri oculi si valerent, mecum venisset simul,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 8.—

With abl.:

si corpore valuisset,

Cic. Brut. 20, 77:

nec melius valeo quam corpore, mente,

Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 33; cf. Sall. J. 11, 5:

pedibus,

Nep. Phoc. 4, 1:

stomacho,

Juv. 6, 100.—

With ab and abl.:

ab oculis,

Gell. 13, 30, 10:

a morbo,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 26; and facetiously: Me. Ain tu te valere? Eu. Pol ego haud a pecunia perbene, as to money, not very well, id. Aul. 2, 2, 9.—

Esp., at the commencement of letters (very freq.), si vales, bene est, and abbreviated S. V. B. E.;

and, more fully, with the addition ego or equidem valeo (abbrev. E. V. or E. Q. V.),

Cic. Fam. 13, 6; 14, 11; 14, 16; 14, 17; 14, 21; 14, 22; 14, 23; 14, 24; 15, 1; 15, 2; Metell. ib. 5, 1; Vatin. ib. 5, 9; Luccei. ib. 5, 14 al.; cf.:

mos antiquis fuit usque ad meam servatus aetatem, primis epistulae verbis adicere: Si vales bene est,

Sen. Ep. 15, 1; so too: S. V. G. V. (si vales, gaudeo, valeo) et Tullia nostra recte V. Terentia minus belle habuit: sed certum scio jam convaluisse eam, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1.—

Rarely impers. pass.:

quid agitur, Sagaristio? ut valetur?

Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 8.—

Vale or valeas, in leave-taking, farewell, adieu (cf.: salve, ave).

In gen.: Di. Valeas. Ph. Vale, Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 79: Ar. Vale. Ph. Quo properas? Ar. Bene vale, id. As. 3, 3, 16; id. Mil. 4, 8, 51:

bene vale, Alcumena,

id. Am. 1, 3, 1:

vale atque salve,

id. Capt. 3, 5, 86; id. Curc. 4, 2, 36: vale atque salve. Th. Male vale, male sit tibi, id. ib. 4, 4, 32; v. salvus: Ly. Ad portum propero. De. Bene ambulato. Ly. Bene valeto. De. Bene sit tibi, id. Merc. 2, 2, 55:

bene valete et vivite,

id. Mil. 4, 8, 30:

ite intro cito: valete,

id. As. 3, 3, 155:

abeo: valete, judices justissimi,

id. Capt. prol. 67:

vos valete et plaudite,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 64:

in hoc biduom vale,

id. ib. 1, 2, 110:

vive valeque,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 110.—Before a vowel, scanned vale:

et longum, Formose vale, vale, inquit Iolla,

Verg. E. 3, 79; Ov. M. 3, 501.—